How does wpa handshake work

IEEE Robust security network and Robust security network has:. It should be understood that AES is a standard and not a protocol. A protocol is a series of steps designed to achieve a specific end, while a standard is a set of rules and guidelines that define an overall design structure. The AES standard specifies the use of the Rijandel symmetric block cipher that can process data blocks of bits, using cipher keys of , , and bits.

It means it takes a text of bits and then use cipher keys of , , and bits to change that text into cipher text so it can not be read by the intruders. Thank you for this enriched post.

I have a little question about the three keys that will eventually be derived from the PTK. My question is, when will KEK be used? HI, I hope you are well. Thanks for your question. Thank you for your reply. Regarding using those keys in the 4-way handshake, is it the same handshake explained in this site and the book as well?

If so, I am confused about how we initially use those keys during the handshake while this handshake is supposed to generate them at the end. Hi, I believe you are right to be confused once you start looking into the keys and the names. Different names confuse me all the time.

PTK is not generated at the end of 4-way handshake but it will be created after message 1 and 2. There is another blog which has written about further key generations. I believe It will answer your questions. Consider if I am using a linux based system with a specific vendor chip..

Where exactly the interim or final keys are stored and how? If the device roams or disconnects then new keys will be generated. Keys are normally stored in the cache and will be dropped when there is a need for generating a new key. InfoSec Insights. This is a fantastic article! You helped me narrow down the area for a problem I have had with my wifi connections!

A brute-force attack would take several years and the interest of founding the password would be null. To illustrate the necessary time to crack a WPA password, we performed a performance analysis. We ran hashcat on three kinds of hardware and we tried to crack different types of password with brute-force and dictionary attacks. We note also that for password with more than 12 characters, brute-force attacks are not very interesting even with very good hardware.

A dictionary attack is, of course, faster but the attack could be failed if the password is a random one. Combining a dictionary attack with a rules file increase the probability to find the password. This rules file was tested, with rockyou. It could be interesting to estimate the price of this attack.

It is expensive for a single person but it is cheap for an organization, government, company, Practically, it is not always possible to recover the password in a reasonable time Maybe in a few years, the hardware will be able to crack a 50 characters password in few hours To protect your network, use a random password with, at least, 12 or even 15 characters.

It is also a good idea to change the password sometimes to render inefficient an off-line attack. Academic courses Trainings Project proposals. Running and Imaging with FTK Imager from a flash device In the process of analyzing a suspicious machine, the first thing we need to do is to actually image the machine we want to investigate.

The FTK Imager tool is easy to use and more importantly, there is a free version. Oct 21, views. However, a MAC address is not an authentication mechanism! It can be easily changed. More precisely, by default most operating systems will use the MAC address burnt into the network interface as the source MAC address for all emitted Ethernet frames. But you can easily reconfigure your system to change this behavior.

Here is how to do that on a Linux computer. Apr 13, views. Step Two Capture Packets : Airdump-ng is another tool in the aircrack-ng suite that can be used to capture Step Three Capture 4-way Handshake : Users or a single user needs to be bumped of the network so when they reauthenticate the 4-way handshake can be captured. PRO: Stealthier than a technique like phishing and attacks can be carried out offline.

A brute-force attack tends can help to raise less suspicion as the attacks can be done after capturing the handshake. Tags: Search for content. Request a day free trial, monitor your networks and remote end-user experience. Customers Pricing Get A Quote. Resources White Papers Webinars Documentation. Sales: sales netbeez. The WiFi client has completed the scan and has initiated the The WiFi client has begun the 4-way handshake. The 4-way handshake is occurring. The 4-way handshake is completed and the exchange of the group keys has begun.

The group keys exchange is completed. In this state, the DHCP client is initializing.